Selection Sort

General Algorithm

a. Iterates through the entire array in an outer loop. It initializes a minimum variable as the current value of i.
b. Uses an inner loop starting from the first loop's index + 1. In this loop it looks for the lowest value.
c. Once it has completed the inner loop and found the lowest value, it compares that value to the current value of i from the outer loop. If the minimum from the inner loop is less, then it is swapped with the value of i from the outer loop.

It thus sequentially sorts an array in place. Swaps are kept to a minimum (N - 1 worst case) but compares are quadratic (N^2).

int length = arr.length;
//
// Selection sort
//

// Progressivelly walk through the array
// This is the outer loop
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    // establish the minimum as the current index
    int min = i;

    // Walk through the array starting from the outerloop + 1 since
    // we want to check for a number that is lower in the rest of the array
    // This is the inner loop
    for (int j = i + 1; j < length; j++) {
        // if the current minimum value is greater than the current array value in
        // the inner loop, update the minimum
        if (arr[j] < arr[min]) min = j;
    }

    // Make the swap if min is less than the current array element.
    // You can have it swap every time but I needed to restrict it for my use case
    if (arr[min] < arr[i]) {
        int temp = arr[i];
        arr[i] = arr[min];
        arr[min] = temp;
    }
}

return arr;